JavaScript Conditions

JavaScript else if Statement

The JavaScript else if statement is used when you need to check multiple conditions.

It allows JavaScript to test one condition after another until a matching condition is found.

Example

javascript

let score = 85;

if (score >= 90) {
  console.log("Grade A");
} else if (score >= 80) {
  console.log("Grade B");
} else {
  console.log("Grade C");
}

In this example, JavaScript checks each condition from top to bottom and runs only the first matching block.

What is an else if Statement?

The else if statement is used when there are more than two possible outcomes.

It is placed between the if block and the else block.

Syntax

javascript

if (condition1) {
  // code
} else if (condition2) {
  // code
} else {
  // code
}

JavaScript checks each condition in order.

As soon as one condition is true, the remaining conditions are skipped.

Simple else if Example

Example

javascript

let marks = 72;

if (marks >= 80) {
  console.log("Excellent");
} else if (marks >= 60) {
  console.log("Good");
} else {
  console.log("Needs Improvement");
}

Here, JavaScript checks the conditions one by one until it finds the correct result.

Multiple else if Statements

You can use more than one else if.

Example

javascript

let score = 58;

if (score >= 90) {
  console.log("Grade A");
} else if (score >= 80) {
  console.log("Grade B");
} else if (score >= 70) {
  console.log("Grade C");
} else if (score >= 60) {
  console.log("Grade D");
} else {
  console.log("Grade F");
}

Only one block will run.

else if with Numbers

Example

javascript

let temperature = 18;

if (temperature > 30) {
  console.log("Hot");
} else if (temperature >= 20) {
  console.log("Warm");
} else {
  console.log("Cold");
}

The result depends on the value of temperature.

else if with Strings

Example

javascript

let role = "Editor";

if (role === "Admin") {
  console.log("Full access");
} else if (role === "Editor") {
  console.log("Edit access");
} else {
  console.log("View only");
}

JavaScript compares each string value until a match is found.

Order of Conditions Matters

Always write the most specific or highest-priority conditions first.

Example

javascript

let score = 95;

if (score >= 90) {
  console.log("Grade A");
} else if (score >= 80) {
  console.log("Grade B");
} else {
  console.log("Grade C");
}

If you change the order like this:

Example

javascript

let score = 95;

if (score >= 80) {
  console.log("Grade B");
} else if (score >= 90) {
  console.log("Grade A");
}

The first condition becomes true, so JavaScript never checks the second one.

Complete Example

html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
  <title>JavaScript else if Statement</title>
</head>
<body>

  <h1>JavaScript else if Statement</h1>

  <p id="result"></p>

  <script>
    let score = 76;
    let grade = "";

    if (score >= 90) {
      grade = "Grade A";
    } else if (score >= 80) {
      grade = "Grade B";
    } else if (score >= 70) {
      grade = "Grade C";
    } else if (score >= 60) {
      grade = "Grade D";
    } else {
      grade = "Grade F";
    }

    document.getElementById("result").innerHTML = grade;
  </script>

</body>
</html>

Try It Yourself

Run the above example in the Try It Editor.

Try changing the value of score.

For example:

Example

javascript

let score = 92;

Example

javascript

let score = 55;

Observe how the output changes for different values.

Important Points

The else if statement is used to check multiple conditions.
JavaScript checks conditions from top to bottom.
Only the first matching block runs.
You can use multiple else if blocks in one statement.
The else block runs only if none of the conditions are true.
Write conditions in the correct order to get the expected result.

Conclusion

The JavaScript else if statement is useful when your program has multiple possible outcomes.

It checks conditions one by one and executes only the first matching block.

Using else if helps you write clear and organized decision-making logic in JavaScript.

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